Cantilever column assemblage for crushers



Feb. 24, 1948. H. H. RUMPEL CANTILEVER COLUMN ASSEMBLAGE FOR CRUSHERSFiled Feb. 14, 1944 Patented Feb. 24, i948 CAN TILEVER COLUMNASSEIVIBLAGE FOR CRUSHERS 1 Harvey H. Rumpel, Milwaukee, Wis., assignorto Smith Engineering Works, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of WisconsinApplication February 14, 1944, Serial No. 522,275

The present invention relates in general to improvements in the crushingart, and relates more specifically to improvements in the constructionand operation of head supporting columns for gyratory crushers of thegeneral type shown in my prior Patents No. 2,158,779, granted May 16,1939, and No, 2,409,391, granted October 15, 1946, and wherein thecrushing head is supported by and is gyratable about a fixed upstandingcolumn with the aid of a rotary eccentric interposed between thehead-and column.

The primary object of my present invention is to provide an improvedgyratory crusher of the above described type, which is simple anddurable in structure, and which is also highly effective in use.

When constructing gyratory crushers of the type wherein the conicalcrushing head is mov- 8 Claims. (Cl. 241-208) is true whether thecolumns are formed integral ably supported solely by and is gyratableabout a fixed upstanding column 01' shaft by means of a rotary eccentricdisposed between the column and the head, it is of primary importancethat the column be firmly mounted or supported. In some cases the headsupporting column i formed integral with the supporting frame of thecrusher, and in others the column ismerelyan upright stub shaft securedto the main frame; but the latter mode of producing and mounting thesecolumns is preferable both because it facilitates original manufacture,and it also makes possible removal or replacement of the head supportingshafts.

It is therefore a more specific object of my present invention toprovide an improved gyratory crusher of the above specified generaltype, wherein the column is constructed in the form of a simple andreadily removable stub shaft capable of resisting considerable andvarying pressures without becoming loosened, and which may be rigidlyand firmly secured to the main frameof the crusher or removed therefrom,in an expeditious manner either in the shop or in the field, and withthe aid of ordinary tools and that the major portion of the lateralcrushing.

pressures are automatically applied to ample bearing surfaces of theframes and columns near the base or lower portions of thelatter. This sswith the frame or as separate shafts, and practically all prior crushersof this type have lacked either sufficlently extensive bearing surfaces,or

proper distribution of the lateral crushing pressures relative to thecolumns, or proper anchorage of the columns when formed as separableelements. 7 7

Hence, it is also a more specific object of my invention to provide animproved gyratory crusher head and column assembly whereinbearingsurfaces of ample size are provided, and in which the crushingpressures are more effectively distributed and applied to the supportingstructure so that the major lateral pressures will act upon the columnnear its supporting base and remote from its laterally unsupported upperextremity, while the column remains fixedly anchored thereby eliminatingexcessive heating and consequent wear.

It is furthermore desirable in gyratory crushers of the type having thehead gyratable about a fixed column or stub shaft-with the aid of anintervening rotary eccentric, to have the eccentric provided with aninner bore formed coaxial and coasting directly with the column, whilethe external eccentric surface which cooperates with a bore in the head,is formed concentric with an axis WJlCh intersects the column axis abovethe upper end of the column and of the crus-.ing zone. Since the headmust be freely rotatable about the eccentric, besides being gyratablethereby, and is also supported solely from the upper extremity of thefixed column or shaft, it is necessary to provide a suitable thrustbearing between the head and column which will permit such free gyrationand rotation of the head. While various forms of such thrust bearingshave heretofore been proposed, these prior devices were either toocomplicated, or they were relatively difficult to construct and toassemble, or they were rather inefiicient and insufficiently durable inperformance.

It is therefore also a more specific object of my invention to providean improved thrust bearing between the head and supporting column .orfixed shaft of a gyratory crusher wherein the head is gyratable by aneccentric interposed between the column and the head, which is extremelysimple in construction, which may be readily manufactured and assembled,and which is moreover highly eficient and durable in use.

These and other specific objects and advantages of the present inventionwill be clearly apparent from the following detailed description.

designate the same orsimilar parts in the various views.

aasaed 4 the shaft 5 is finally applied to the frame 4, in order toinsure firm radial clamping of the shaft end 24 within the hub 6 whenthe column shaft 5 is finally positioned. This slightly enlarged 5tapered shaft end 24 may be snugly confined within the frame bore 23either by heating the hub gag SQ as-ltoiexpand it gbore 23' and bythereafter inserting: the tapered shaft end 2 3 and shrinking the hubabout the shaft, or by forcing Fig. l is a central vertical sectionthrough a loathe shaft end 24 longitudinally of its axis into typicalgyratory crusher embodying my present invention; and

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary central vertical section through a modifiedmounting for thehead sup.

porting column of such a gyratorycrushen and described herein as beingespecially a-ppl i.-. cable to a particular type of gyratory crusherespecially adapted for f ne crushing and havinga conical crushing headcooperating with a conicaloutwardly flaring concave to provide .aflaringcrushing zone, it is not my.- .desire or intent to. therebyunnecessarily limit the invention which.

may also. be advantageously applied. to other types. of crushingmachines. having differently an annular inner surface or. bore 8.journalled for rotation upon the outer-side surface of the column shaft5sandalso having Jan-outer annular surface 9 the central axis of whichis inclinedrelative to and intersectsthe-central axisofthe bore 8- abovethe-top of the fixed shaft 5; a

frusto-conical crushing headdll having a central bore rotatably engagingtheouter eccentric surthebore 2.3,. The latter of these fasteningmethads is preferable when it becomes desirable to remove the columnshaft 5 from th frame 4, andineither..caseitxis also necessary toprovide u; a stopor abutment surface on the shaft 5 in Although thepresent invention has been shown order to definitely place the shaft ina predetermined-fined position with respect to the main frame whenfinally applied thereto, and to prevent vertical components of thecrushing pres- 2o sures from driving the .:tapered lower end 24 of 5surface 25.0; the stub shaft 5 constitutes the stop or abutment. andthis shaftend surface 2.5 must-be brought intozhorizontal alinement withthe low.er.- .t.mniierse surface 2510f the frame hub 6, 'beforetheshaftiis ri idlyv and immovably 39; positioned. This maybe. effectivelyaccomplished by providinga loweniack plate II-which may befirmlyeecured-to; the: bottom of the. hub .5 by meansofisttldsand nuts28, and by also. providing several-jacking studs 29 at'the lowerextremity .of. the shaft-'5. and which pass through openings in theheavy plate 21. By. applying jacking nuts -30:to.these studs.29, thetapered shaft end'ZLmay beadrawn into the hub bore 2.3 untilthelowertransverse surfaces .25, .26 coact face 9, the head being provided withanintegral 40. with the. plate 21 whereupon the shaft .5 will be topportion l i-spanning but spaced from thetop of the shaft Sand eccentricl; a thrust block I 2 interposed between the head portion H and theentric n m sh ne h a'bs e o 5" carr ed by w ter-sha t ha in re a.

rivi ley 8. andrwh J' rnel for otat n ma b arin semblag 1 0. e e

to the main frame 4.

: t is f r ma m er anqs hat he u s an ine column aft 5 which i aterallyunsuppor d t its up e en an hi hc nst tutes the ole support f the ciehtothe cr sh n hea "J; be fi m y suppo t d or mountedat its ette end withinthe frame hub portion 6. The hub pore tion 6 of th main frame 4 rigidlyintegrally conn d to the outer annular. rame wa l 2 y means of a seriesof radiating ribs 2! and a diaphrasm'fl so as to provide ample spacefor.

d er o e ush d ma er l b ieravity f m the. l wer an u ar discharge o eof u h zone t h p vid sa ro u ry ame as emblage. The hub o ion 6 sprevided With a downwa dly. pered ce ral ore 23, and the lower nd .25.ot'ths ub shaf 5 i mila l aperedi l t-flie ex r l ter f t e us e sive rave e q t c s f-the ha t.

tap r a p ete al lr sliehtirlarser han. the responding diameters ofthe-hub bore 23-before firmly clampedinproperposition. This .asse-iblage of" elements may-obviously be readily dismantled soas. toefiectremoval of. the shaft 5, by merely releasing-thenutstfl and bysubsequently driving thetapered end 24- out of the hub bore- 23, and:boththeassembling and removal'operations may-obviously be carried onwith-ordinarytools.

While thetransverse-stop surf-ace 26 in Fig. l,

isat the lower extremity of the bore 23 and shaft 5,-this'transverse-mayalsobe provided at the upper portion of the taperedshaft surface or end 24,- as'illustrated inFig; 2. In the modification,the shaft- 5 is providedat the upper portion of 5; its tapered end -24;with an integral flange 3i which has a lower transverse surfaceadaptedto contact anannular transverse surface -32 formed at the upper endofthe-hub bore 23, when the columhsha-fthasbeen driven home.- The lower 60extremity-of'the shaft-5-need-not contact the jack-plate 2''! inthe-modified structure, and the collar flange 3| -p rovides aseal at thetop of the clamping join-t when-the parts are assembled.

The modified fastening for the column shaft 5 70 which is laterallyunsupportedat its upper end,

against excessive lateral pressures during normal crushing, the gyratoryandfreelyrotatable crushinghead"iWandthecrushingconcave l3 shou d be soformedand coeperable'withthe supporting "*column, that *the-majorlateralcrushing pressures form a downwardly tapering upper crushing space- 34followed by a relatively parallel lower finishing or material sizingspace 35 within the crushing zone I4. The upper extremity of the fixedcolumn shaft 5 is located considerably below the upper inlet end of thecrushing space 34 but above the upper end of the finishing space 35, andthe crushing surfaces bounding the zone M are so directed that lateralcrushing pressures directed perpendicularly thereagainst, aretransmitted through the head It! and eccentric 1 toward the lower fixedor anchored portion of the supporting shaft 5, and not againstits upperlaterally unsupported portion. In this manner the stub shaft 5 which isalso constructed of such diameter that it will provide ample surface forproper distribution of and resistance to the crushing pressures, issubjected to the major lateral crushing components only near its loweranchored portion and will be less subject to loosening than if thesepressures were repeatedly applied against the column top.

As previously indicated, the crushing head H] is freely rotatable aboutthe outer eccentric surface 9 and is gyratable by the eccentric I aboutthe upstanding column shaft 5, and the upper end of the head above theintegral supporting portion thereof, may be sealed by a removable feedplate 36, while the lower part of the head may be caused to coact withan annular sealing member 3'! through annular sealing bands 38 formedconcentric with the central axis of the crushing head Ill. The sealingmember 31 is carried by the ring gear |5 which is secured to theeccentric 1 near the main eccentric supporting thrust bearing 39, andhas a sealing ring 40 Which coacts with an inner cylindrical surface ofthe main frame 4 and which is protected by other annular sealing bands4| interposed between the member 31 and frame 4. The ring 4|] and bands4| are formed concentric with the central axis of the column shaft 5 andeccentric bore 8, and this assemblage of sealing elements provides aneffective seal for the eccentric l which does not interfere with thefree relative rotation of the head and its gyrating eccentric.

In order to permit such free rotation and gymtion of the crushing headII] relative to the fixed column shaft 5, provision must also be madefor permitting universal swinging and lateral sliding of the head Irelative to the upper end 'of the column upon which the weight of thehead is supported through the thrust bearing or block I 2. This isaccomplished by providing the column shaft above the upper end of theeccentric I, with a concave spherical zone surface 42 which slidably androckably coacts with a similar surface formed on the bottom of thrustblock l2, both of these spherical zone surfaces being generated aboutthe point of intersection of the head and column axes disposed Wellabove the crushing zone M. The integral upper portion H of the crushinghead III, which spans the thrust plate 2 and the top of the column shaft5; is provided with a circular central recess within which a wearingplate or disk 43 is confined against rotation by one or more dowel pins44, and this wearin -dl$k43 has a lower plane surface 45 which centelements.

slidably engages theupper plane surface of the.

thrust block l2 below the upper inlet end of the crushing zone |4.against a series of circular shims 46 one or more of which may beremoved or added so as to vary the vertical position ofthe crushing headl0 relative to the rotary sealing member 3'! in order to insure properfunctioning of the sealing bands 38, 4| at all times, and to alsocompensate for wear between the thrust block l2 and the adjavides abearing for universally movably supporting the weight of the crushinghead In and mantle 33, which is simple and effective and which alsopermits convenient adjustment of the head relative to the column shaft 5and rotating sealing member 31.

The details of construction of the crushing concave supporting andadjusting mechanism, constitute no important part of my presentinvention, but the annular concave |3 with its renewable liner 32, aretiltably mounted upon an annular upper projection 41 formed upon avertically adjustable supporting ring 48 which is carried by and isadapted to be locked to the outer wall 20 of the main frame 4, by meansof an externally threaded locking wedge ring 49. The

supporting ring 48 also carries a reaction splder' 50 through bolts 5|,and compression springs 52 are interposed between the top of the concavel3 and the normally fixed spider and serve to prevent tilting of theconcave 3 upon the projection 41 during normal operation of the machine.A feed hopper 53 may also be mounted upon the concave |3 in line withthe upper inlet opening of the crushing zone l4, and when abnormallyhard material enters the crushing chamber, the springs 52 are adapted topermit the concave .|3 to tilt and to thereby relieve excessivepressures.

During normal operation of the improved gyratory crusher, the driveshaft I1 is. being rotated by power applied to the pulley l8, therebyimparting relatively rapid rotation to the eccentric I through thepinion l6 and ring gear |5. The eccentric will then revolve about thefixed column 5 and upon the thrust bearing 39, and the rotation of theeccentric I will produce rapid gyration of the crushing head l0 and itsmantle 33, relative to the concave I3 and liner 32, while at the sametime permitting free relative rotation of the head In with respect tothe outer eccentric surface 9. The material which is to be crushed, isadmitted to the upper end of the crushing zone M from the supply hopper53, and is subjected to a rapid succession of crushing impulses while itgravitates downwardly through the crushing zone I4. In this manner theadmitted material is gradually reduced in size and gravitatestoward thefinal sizing space 35 wherein it is reduced to uniform siz and fromwhich it is finally delivered from the crushing zone l4. The

final product then gravitates from within thev crushing frame 4 over thediaphragm 22 in a well known manner. While the crusher is thusoperating, lubricant should be constantly forced through the passages inthe column shaft 5 and should be distributed along grooves in the thrustplate I2; eccentric 1*, head I0, and thrust bear-,

must be maintained in tight condition so as to. prevent foreign matterfrom entering the lubricating ducts: v

The wearing disk 43 reacts,

This assemblage obviously pro-..

During this normal operation of, ithe crushert the head It willnaturally' be'subiected-to vary. ing pressures of relatively-highintensity, sand-by virtue of the improved mountingofuthe -flxed-columnshaft 5, and of the head .llll.--and;mantle .33.. the columnshaft willeffectivelyr esist. these zpressures without danger. of having the: samebecome loose. The clamping fit whichxis provided between the lower shaftend--24 and the frame hub: 6, makes it possible to maintain arlgidanchorage for the upstanding. column' shaf t 5, andrthetformaetionof thecrushingiesurfaces 'of-the head l0 and: mantle 33 so that. themajor lateral. crushing pressures are directed toward thezlower portionof the supporting shaft 5; assists the anchorage provided by the lowertapered end 24, in avoid-'- ing possible loosening of the shaft. Thedlsposi tion of the upper thrust bearing plate ':i2 below the=upperinlet opening of the crushing zonewm also avoids the application-ofundesirable-high.

pressures against the: upperlaterallyunsupported; portion of thecolumnshaftiS; and this shaftisf thus amply protected ag'a-instundesirablylhi'gh lateral pressures. The shaft 5:- mayfhowever bereadily removed from therframe'zhuh fiihys merely releasing the jacknuts 30 andiforcin'g the-shaft. end 24 out of the bore; 'andlbyfltorming'the spherical socket or concave surface. 4'2 directly inthe upper extremityflof theshaft t", the-thrust:

bearingassemblage for supporting. theavetgnt of; the head II] is greatlysimplified 'The provision of theshims ii-between the wearingedislr lia?and. the upper head portion. Ill; makes itpo'ssible to vertically adjustthe head: Hl to some: extent im order to compensate for wear, but the?primary adjustment for varying thesizeof the crushed: product should-beeffected with the aid; ofi the; adjusting wedge rin'g- 49. Theientlreassemblage besides being sturdy'andcompact; may 'bereadilymanufacturedand adjusted to meet 'variousmpcrating conditions, and may obviously beadv'antageously utilized in crushers adapted both: :for fine crushingand for relativelyrcoarsecrush- .ing.

From the foregoing detaile'd'descriptlon it will be apparent that mypresent-invention provides various improvements in the construction andoperation ofgyratory crushersof -thetypewhere .in the head is rotatablysuppor-ted'by andt1gy-- :ratable about a fixed column; wherebythe.-dura-- lbility-and efiiciency'of such structures is enhancedtoamaximum. The improved' anchoring mechanism for fixedly mounting theupstan'ding column" or shaft 5, will positively prevent-possibleloosening of this columnrduring mormal operationi while stillpermittingconvenient-removal thereof; The formation of the columntIS andhead lOI-fur thermore provides a =durable structure1- and: pro+- teststhe column anchorage against possible loosening by directing the mail orlateral IcIllShiIlg pressures against the'colummnear its fixed base; andtheiimproved thrust bearmgrfor transmit tingthe weight of the headagainst theupper" extremityof thecolumnshaft li maybe readilymanufactured and permits "free rotatlonand gyaration of the crushinghead 'lll without-undesirable interference. The transverse" positive"stop surfaces for limiting: the downward I insertion" of the? taperedshaft. end" w-ithin' the hub bore 28 shown in both Figs. 1 2and*2;.n"ot:only protect the frame hub 6 against the'idownward' components-1 ofIth'ecrushing pressures;.but alsoidefinitely posi ti'o'nsthe top ofithezshaftsoathatezth rhead 10 and thesealing bandsifl attheilowerfendthereof will properly cooperate with the annular sealinm member 31; andthe shims 46 'which'areprovided: between the thrust block l2 and thewearing disk; 43; may be utilized to compensate for wear and to alsoinsure proper functioning of the bands The entire assemblage permits theproduction of an extremely compact and durable crusherwherein all partsare amply protected against undesirable loosening and consequentexcessive wear, and the crushing assemblage may be'manufactured atmoderate cost and may be'advanta-' geously utilized for the reduction ofvarious kinds of relatively hard materials to uniform final-size.-

It should be understood that it is; not desired to limit this-inventionto the-exact-details of construction or to the precise mode ofoperation,

pression and also having an upper plane surface,

an eccentric revolvable about said column, and a crushing head gyratableby said eccentric and having a lower inner plane surface coacting withand slidable laterally of said upper plate surface.

2. In a crusher, a frame having thereon a rigid upstanding column theupper extremity of which is provided with a spherical depression, athrust plate'having a lower spherical zone surface coacting with andslidable laterally within said depression and also having an upper planesurface, an eccentric revolvable about said column, a crushing headgyratable by said eccentric and having a lower plane surface coactingwith and slidable laterally of said upper plate surface,- and means foreffecting vertical adjustment of said a bore journal ed for rotationupon said column and being provided with an outer annular surfacedisposed eccentrically of said bore, and a crushing head having a borecoasting with said outer eccentric surface and being provided with alower plane surface at the upper inner end of its here which coacts withand is slidable laterally upon said upper plane plate surface.

4'. In combination, a framehaving; thereon a rigid upstandingcylindrical column the upper extremity of which hasa spherical zonesurface iormeddirectl'y thereon, a thrust plate'having a;

lowerspherical zone surface'coacti'ng with and rockableupon saidcolumnsurface and also having an upper plane surface;aneccentric-h'avinga borejournalled for rotationupon said columnandbeing provided with an outer annular sur--- face disposed eccentricallyofsaidboraa crush-- ing head havinga bore coacting with'saidoutereccentric surface and being provided with a lower inner planesurfaceat the upper end of its bore which coacts with and is slidablelaterally upon- Sa-id'upper plane plate surface, and shims-insertiblebetween said headand said plane head surfacelfor varying the elevationof said head relative to said column.

5; In combination, a framehavinga-rigld up standing column provided withan annular guide bearing surface and with a spherical concavity at itstop. an eccentric journalled for rotation on said guide bearing surfaceand having an outer annular surface the central axis of which intersectsthe generating center of said spherical concavity. and a crushing headfreely rotatable about said outer eccentric surface and being gyratableby said concentric relative to said column, said head having a planeportion spanning the said column concavity, and a thrust plateinterposed between said plane head portion and said concavity.

6. In a gvratory crusher, a frame having an integral lower hub providedwith a downwardly tapered bore and also having a rig d transverse stopsurface assoc ated therewith at an end of the hub, a column having anextensive upper bearing portion and a lower downwardly tapered endportion adapted to snugly fit said hub bore and also having a rigidtransverse stop surface at the corresponding end of its tapered portion,a pulling device co cting with said frame and column near the bottom ofsaid hub for drawing said tapered column portion axial y into said bore,said stop surfaces being located so that they will coact to preventfurther axial movement of said tapered column portion into said hub borewhen a predetermined outward radial pressure has been attained withinthe hub and said tapered frame bore and column portion constituting thesole means of preventing lateral displacement of said column bearingportion relative to the frame, an eccentric journalled for rotation uponsaid bearing portion, a crusher head coacting with said eccentric, andmeans for rotating said eccentric to gyrate said head about said column.

7. In a gyratory crusher, a frame having an integral lower hub providedwith a downwardly tapered bore and also having a rigid transverse stopsurface at the lower end of said bore, a column having an extensiveupper bearing portion and a lower downwardly tapered end portion adaptedto snugly fit said hub bore and also ha ing a rigid transverse stopsurface at the lower end of said tapered portion, a pulling devicecoacting with said frame and column near the bottom of said hub fordrawing said tapered column portion downwardly into said bore, said stopsurfaces being located so that they will coact to prevent furtherdownward movement of said tapered column portion into said hub bore whena predetermined outward radial pressure has been attained within the huband said tapered frame bore and column portion constituting the solemeans of preventing lateral displacement of said column bearing portionrelative to the frame, an eccentric journalled for rotation upon saidbearing portion, a crusher head coacting with said eccentric, and meansfor rotating said eccentric to gyrate said head about said column.

8. In a gyratory crusher, a frame having an integral lower hub providedwith a downwardly tapered bore and also having a rigid transverse stopsurface at the upper end of said bore, a column having an extensiveupper bearing portion and a lower downwardly tapered end portion adaptedto snugly fit said hub bore and also having a rigid transverse stopsurface at the upper end of said tapered portion, a pulling devicecoacting with said frame and column near the bottom of said hub fordrawing said tapered column portion downwardly into said bore. said stopsurfaces being located so that they will coact to prevent furtherdownward movement of said tapered column portion into said hub bore whena predetermined outward radial pressure has been attained within the huband said tapered frame bore and column portion constituting the solemeans of preventing lateral displacement of said column bearing portionrelative to the frame, an eccentric journalled for rotation upon saidbearing portion, a crusher head coacting with said eccentric, and meansfor rotating said eccentric to gyrate said head about said column.

HARVEY H. RUMPEL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Date

